Those three words meant nothing to me until this winter. When I first learned I’d be skiing this winter, I developed an irrational fear of falling off of the lift. I’ve gotten over it for the most part. Back country skiing avoids the lifts all together. So how does it work? Well, this is how I would have explained it to myself before actually doing it.
A note about equipment: Back Country skiis tend to be wider (for powder) yet lighter. Also, people usually use lighter boots than they do when skiing at the resorts. There are also way lighter bindings for the backcountry. The weight savings adds up when you start doing a lot of vertical.
First, you put these things (“skins”) on the bottom of your skis sort of like a band-aid. They hook on one end and stick to the bottom of your skis. These magical things allow you to haul yourself up a hill so you can then ski down. And all of this without the use of any machine other than your body. This is what people did before lifts, I suppose. Basically, we use different bindings which have a rotating heel piece. On the way up, your heel is not attached at all which allows for a sort of walking motion. (similar to a classic nordic stride, I think). I’m still no expert.
Skinning has a pretty steep learning curve, I’ve found. The little hairs on the skins catch so that you don’t slide back down. The key is to keep your weight back. This is totally counterintuitive and hard to make your body do.
Second, someone “breaks trail” and puts in a “skin track.” This is the trail which in some cases is used by many many people to get to the top. My understanding is that the skin tracks around Lake Tahoe tend to be steeper than in other regions. Anyhow, you make your extendable poles fairly long and trek along up the trail. At the switch backs, you get do turns. These turns take a few tries to master. If you’ve never done it before, imagine only have your toe clipped in and trying to turn your alpine ski by lifting up your foot and turning it 90 degrees.
As the trail gets steeper, you turn up the heel risers on your bindings so that although your heel is not attached, as you shift weight from one foot to the other, your heel has a higher platform to rest on. This makes it seem less steep.
Third, after reaching the summit of wherever you are skiing, there’s the transition. This involves ripping the skins off of your skis- usually in one swipe, just like band-aids. Usually, you get quite warm on the way up and so you’ll have to put on a jacket, hat, gloves, etc. for the way down. Next, you adjust your equipment: shorten the ski poles, adjust the heels so that your boots will lock in, put your boots in ski mode, tighten the boots, etc. Finally, goggles and helmet seal the deal.
Fourth, ski down- usually in deep powder with very few other tracks. Sweet!!!
Fifth: Repeat! If it’s a short climb or you have all day, you get to
do laps. Just transition back to “uphill” mode. The advantage that skins have over band-aids is that they are re-usable which is nice considering how expensive they are